Compare Sao Tome and Principe (2004) - Wallis and Futuna (2004)

Compare Sao Tome and Principe (2004) z Wallis and Futuna (2004)

	Sao Tome and Principe (2004)	Wallis and Futuna (2004)

Administrative divisions	2 provinces; Principe, Sao Tome note: Principe has had self-government since 29 April 1995	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three kingdoms at the second order named Alo, Sigave, Wallis
Age structure	0-14 years: 47.7% (male 43,810; female 42,708) 15-64 years: 48.4% (male 42,469; female 45,456) 65 years and over: 3.9% (male 3,275; female 3,847) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	cocoa, coconuts, palm kernels, copra, cinnamon, pepper, coffee, bananas, papayas, beans; poultry; fish	breadfruit, yams, taro, bananas; pigs, goats
Airports	2 (2003 est.)	2 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 1,001 sq km land: 1,001 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 274 sq km land: 274 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ile Uvea (Wallis Island), Ile Futuna (Futuna Island), Ile Alofi, and 20 islets
Area - comparative	more than five times the size of Washington, DC	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Discovered and claimed by Portugal in the late 15th century, the islands' sugar-based economy gave way to coffee and cocoa in the 19th century - all grown with plantation slave labor, a form of which lingered into the 20th century. Although independence was achieved in 1975, democratic reforms were not instituted until the late 1980s. Though the first free elections were held in 1991, the political environment has been one of continued instability with frequent changes in leadership and coup attempts in 1995 and 2003. The recent discovery of oil in the Gulf of Guinea is likely to have a significant impact on the country's economy.	Although discovered by the Dutch and the British in the 17th and 18th centuries, it was the French who declared a protectorate over the islands in 1842. In 1959, the inhabitants of the islands voted to become a French overseas territory.
Birth rate	41.36 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	NA births/1,000 population
Budget	revenues: $38.59 million expenditures: $42.04 million, including capital expenditures of $54 million (2003 est.)	revenues: $20 million expenditures: $17 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1998 est.)
Capital	Sao Tome	Mata-Utu (on Ile Uvea)
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; one rainy season (October to May)	tropical; hot, rainy season (November to April); cool, dry season (May to October); rains 2,500-3,000 mm per year (80% humidity); average temperature 26.6 degrees C
Coastline	209 km	129 km
Constitution	approved March 1990; effective 10 September 1990	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe conventional short form: Sao Tome and Principe local long form: Republica Democratica de Sao Tome e Principe local short form: Sao Tome e Principe	conventional long form: Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands conventional short form: Wallis and Futuna local long form: Territoire des Iles Wallis et Futuna local short form: Wallis et Futuna
Currency	dobra (STD)	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)
Death rate	6.89 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	$318 million (2002)	NA
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Sao Tome and Principe; the Ambassador to Gabon is accredited to Sao Tome and Principe on a nonresident basis and makes periodic visits to the islands	none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	Sao Tome and Principe does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN, headed by First Secretary Domingos Augusto FERREIRA, located at 400 Park Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10022, telephone [1] (212) 317-0580	none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$200 million in December 2000 under the HIPC program	assistance from France
Economy - overview	This small poor island economy has become increasingly dependent on cocoa since independence 29 years ago. Cocoa production has substantially declined in recent years because of drought and mismanagement, but strengthening prices helped boost export earnings in 2003. Sao Tome has to import all fuels, most manufactured goods, consumer goods, and a substantial amount of food. Over the years, it has been unable to service its external debt and has had to depend on concessional aid and debt rescheduling. Sao Tome benefited from $200 million in debt relief in December 2000 under the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. Sao Tome's success in implementing structural reforms has been rewarded by international donors, who pledged increased assistance in 2001. Considerable potential exists for development of a tourist industry, and the government has taken steps to expand facilities in recent years. The government also has attempted to reduce price controls and subsidies. Sao Tome is optimistic about the development of petroleum resources in its territorial waters in the oil-rich Gulf of Guinea; production could begin as early as 2004.	The economy is limited to traditional subsistence agriculture, with about 80% labor force earnings from agriculture (coconuts and vegetables), livestock (mostly pigs), and fishing. About 4% of the population is employed in government. Revenues come from French Government subsidies, licensing of fishing rights to Japan and South Korea, import taxes, and remittances from expatriate workers in New Caledonia.
Electricity - consumption	15.81 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	17 million kWh (2001)	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico de Sao Tome 2,024 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Singavi 765 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation; soil erosion and exhaustion	deforestation (only small portions of the original forests remain) largely as a result of the continued use of wood as the main fuel source; as a consequence of cutting down the forests, the mountainous terrain of Futuna is particularly prone to erosion; there are no permanent settlements on Alofi because of the lack of natural fresh water resources
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	mestico, angolares (descendants of Angolan slaves), forros (descendants of freed slaves), servicais (contract laborers from Angola, Mozambique, and Cape Verde), tongas (children of servicais born on the islands), Europeans (primarily Portuguese)	Polynesian
Exchange rates	dobras per US dollar - 9,347.58 (2003), 9,088.32 (2002), 8,842.11 (2001), 7,978.17 (2000), 7,118.96 (1999)	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 105.73 (2003), 126.72 (2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.43 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Fradique DE MENEZES (since 3 September 2001) head of government: Prime Minister Damiao Vaz DE ALMEIDA (since 17 September 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the proposal of the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 29 July 2001 (next to be held NA July 2006); prime minister chosen by the National Assembly and approved by the president election results: Fradique DE MENEZES elected president in Sao Tome's third multiparty presidential election; percent of vote - NA%	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Administrator Xavier DE FURST (since 18 January 2005) head of government: President of the Territorial Assembly Patalione KANIMOA (since NA January 2001) cabinet: Council of the Territory consists of three kings and three members appointed by the high administrator on the advice of the Territorial Assembly note: there are three traditional kings with limited powers elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high administrator appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the Territorial Government and the Territorial Assembly are elected by the members of the assembly
Exports	NA (2001)	$250,000 f.o.b. (1999)
Exports - commodities	cocoa 80%, copra, coffee, palm oil	copra, chemicals, construction materials
Exports - partners	Netherlands 41.7%, Canada 16.7%, Belgium 8.3%, Germany 8.3%, Philippines 8.3% (2003)	Italy 40%, Croatia 15%, US 14%, Denmark 13%
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	three horizontal bands of green (top), yellow (double width), and green with two black five-pointed stars placed side by side in the center of the yellow band and a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia	a large white modified Maltese cross - shifted a little off center toward the fly and slightly downward - on a red background; the flag of France outlined in white on two sides is in the upper hoist quadrant; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP	purchasing power parity - $214 million (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $57.59 million (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 19.6% industry: 17.8% services: 62.6% (2003 est.)	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,200 (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $3,700 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5% (2003 est.)	NA
Geographic coordinates	1 00 N, 7 00 E	13 18 S, 176 12 W
Geography - note	the smallest country in Africa; the two main islands form part of a chain of extinct volcanoes and both are fairly mountainous	both island groups have fringing reefs
Highways	total: 320 km paved: 218 km unpaved: 102 km (1999 est.)	total: 120 km (Ile Uvea 100 km, Ile Futuna 20 km) paved: 16 km (all on Ile Uvea) unpaved: 104 km (Ile Uvea 84 km, Ile Futuna 20 km)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	NA (2001)	$300,000 f.o.b. (1999)
Imports - commodities	machinery and electrical equipment, food products, petroleum products	chemicals, machinery, passenger ships, consumer goods
Imports - partners	Portugal 51.6%, Germany 11.3%, Italy 6.5%, Belgium 4.8%, Netherlands 4.8% (2003)	France 97%, Australia 2%, New Zealand 1%
Independence	12 July 1975 (from Portugal)	none (overseas territory of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	NA
Industries	light construction, textiles, soap, beer; fish processing; timber	copra, handicrafts, fishing, lumber
Infant mortality rate	total: 44.58 deaths/1,000 live births male: 46.57 deaths/1,000 live births female: 42.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	9% (2003 est.)	NA
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)	FZ, UPU
Irrigated land	100 sq km (1998 est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the National Assembly)	none; justice generally administered under French law by the high administrator, but the three traditional kings administer customary law and there is a magistrate in Mata-Utu
Labor force	NA	NA
Labor force - by occupation	population mainly engaged in subsistence agriculture and fishing note: shortages of skilled workers	agriculture, livestock, and fishing 80%, government 4% (2001 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 6.25% permanent crops: 48.96% other: 44.79% (2001)	arable land: 5% permanent crops: 25% other: 70% (2001)
Languages	Portuguese (official)	French, Wallisian (indigenous Polynesian language)
Legal system	based on Portuguese legal system and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	French legal system
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (55 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 3 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - MLSTP 39.6%, Force for Change Democratic Movement 39.4%, Ue-Kedadji coalition 16.2%; seats by party - MLSTP 24, Force for Change Democratic Movement 23, Ue-Kedadji coalition 8	unicameral Territorial Assembly or Assemblee Territoriale (20 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 11 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR and affiliates 13, Socialists and affiliates 7 note: Wallis and Futuna elects one senator to the French Senate and one deputy to the French National Assembly; French Senate - elections last held 27 September 1998 (next to be held by NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats - RPR (now UMP) 1; French National Assembly - elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held by NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats - RPR (UMP) 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 66.63 years male: 65.11 years female: 68.21 years (2004 est.)	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79.3% male: 85% female: 62% (1991 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 50% male: 50% female: 50% (1969 est.)
Location	Western Africa, islands in the Gulf of Guinea, straddling the Equator, west of Gabon	Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Africa	Oceania
Maritime claims	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 24 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 79,490 GRT/97,077 DWT by type: bulk 2, cargo 14, chemical tanker 2, livestock carrier 1, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 3 foreign-owned: British Virgin Islands 1, Egypt 1, Greece 1, Lebanon 1, Portugal 1, Ukraine 2 (2004 est.)	total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 134,037 GRT/14,271 DWT by type: passenger 6 foreign-owned: France 3, Greece 1, Monaco 1, United States 1 (2004 est.)
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	Army, Coast Guard, Presidential Guard, National Guard	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$500,000 (2003)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.8% (2003)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 38,347 (2004 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 20,188 (2004 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 12 July (1975)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Sao Tomean(s) adjective: Sao Tomean	noun: Wallisian(s), Futunan(s), or Wallis and Futuna Islanders adjective: Wallisian, Futunan, or Wallis and Futuna Islander
Natural hazards	NA	NA
Natural resources	fish, hydropower	NEGL
Net migration rate	-2.72 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population note: there has been steady emigration from Wallis and Futuna to New Caledonia (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Renovation Party [Armindo GRACA]; Force for Change Democratic Movement [leader NA]; Independent Democratic Action or ADI [Carlos NEVES]; Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe-Social Democratic Party or MLSTP-PSD [Manuel Pinto Da COSTA]; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Aldo BANDEIRA]; Ue-Kedadji coalition [leader NA]; other small parties	Lua Kae Tahi (Giscardians) [leader NA]; Mouvement des Radicaux de Gauche or MRG [leader NA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Clovis LOGOLOGOFOLAU]; Taumu'a Lelei [Soane Muni UHILA]; Union Populaire Locale or UPL [Falakiko GATA]; Union Pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	181,565 (July 2004 est.)	15,880 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	54% NA (2004 est.)	NA
Population growth rate	3.18% (2004 est.)	NA
Ports and harbors	Santo Antonio, Sao Tome	Leava, Mata-Utu
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2002)	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (2000)
Religions	Christian 80% (Roman Catholic, Evangelical Protestant, Seventh-Day Adventist)	Roman Catholic 99%, other 1%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate facilities domestic: minimal system international: country code - 239; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: country code - 681
Telephones - main lines in use	7,000 (2003)	1,900 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	4,800 (2003)	0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	2 (2002)	2 (2000)
Terrain	volcanic, mountainous	volcanic origin; low hills
Total fertility rate	5.8 children born/woman (2004 est.)	NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate	NA	NA

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